BORDA Website

The BORDA website gives you good information on DEcentralised WAstewater Treatment Systems (DEWATS)

Borda Website [Open external website]

Progress on Drinking Water and Sanitation, 2013 Update

(referred to in other lessons as well)

This JMP (Joint Monitoring Report) 2013 update presents country, regional and global estimates for the year 2011.

Sanitation coverage in 2011 was 64%. The world remains off track to meet the MDG sanitation target of 75% and if current trends continue, it is set to miss the target by more than half a billion people. By the end of 2011, there were 2.5 billion people who still did not use an improved sanitation facility. The number of people practising open defecation decreased to a little over 1 billion, but this still represents 15% of the global population.

Joint Monitoring Report [Download PDF]

«Handbook on Community-Led Total Sanitation» 

This is the famous book by Kamal Kar & Robert Chambers! Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) focuses on igniting a change in sanitation behaviour rather than constructing toilets. It does this through a process of social awakening that is stimulated by facilitators from within or outside the community. 

Handbook [Open external website, 90 pages]

Community-Led Urban Environmental Sanitation Planning

Complete Guidelines for Decision-Makers with 30 Tools. The guidelines including the description of the tools have 100 pages, well arranged with many graphs and illustrations.The Community-Led Urban Environmental Sanitation (CLUES) approach presents comprehensive guidelines for the planning and implementation of environmental sanitation infrastructure and services in disenfranchised urban and peri-urban communities.The planning approach builds on a framework which balances the needs of people with those of the environment to support human dignity and a healthy life. It emphasises the participation of all stakeholders from an early stage in the planning process.

CLUES  [Download PDF, 6.7mb]

Output-Based Aid and Sustainable Sanitation

This learning note of the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) of the World bank gives examples of Output-Based Aid and Sustainable Sanitation and draws key lessons. A reminder: Output-based aid (OBA) ties the disbursement of public funding (in the form of subsidies) to the achievement of clearly specified results that directly support improved access to basic services. 

Output-Based Aid and Sustainable Sanitation [Download PDF, 4 pages]